An argument in favor of abortion supporting a womans right to freedom Essay Example for Free

An argument in favor of abortion supporting a womans right to freedom Essay Is there ever a case, when one persons religious preference should be allowed to encroach on another person’s right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness? Today many Americans justify their intrusion by siting Articles and Amendments to the Constitution of the United States.   In particular, they speak of the freedom of speech, religion, the right to bear arms, etc.   It seems as though the freedoms are only valuable when everyone shares the same beliefs, morals, and values.   But are these freedoms also guaranteed for those whose values may not be the same as the majority?   As Americans is it not possible to differ and hold different beliefs in pursuit of liberty?   What makes one persons beliefs more valuable under the constitution than another person? A lot of people do not support abortion because they believe it is killing baby. When most abortions occur, which in the first trimester â€Å"†¦a cluster of cells or a less than half ounce fetus is not anywhere close to a definition of an actual baby.† (4) Scientists use the term fetus and not a baby because a baby â€Å"†¦could be born and survive outside the mother’s womb†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (4) and a fetus could not. A fetus is nowhere near ready to live outside the mothers womb and â€Å" There is no real functioning brain, therefore no real humanity.† (4) So in reality abortions do not terminate babies, they terminate a fetus that could not survive outside the mother’s womb. Another reason people are not for abortion is that of religious beliefs. Some believe that terminating any form of life in the mother’s womb is wrong no matter the reason and â€Å"Those religiously opposed to abortion in the first two trimesters are free not to have them.†(9) Just because abortion is legal does not mean people are going to be forced to go out and participate in them. Abortion being legal does not impose on anyone’s rights or make anyone do anything they do not want to do. Therefore, if abortion goes against someone’s religious beliefs they are free not to go and get one. People who do not want abortion legalized talk about how it goes against their religion but what about the religion of the woman partaking in the abortion? Not everyone has the same beliefs or sees things the same as others. By trying to make abortion illegal it infringes on citizens rights. If â€Å"†¦my brothers and sisters in the United Church of Christ, who do not see the bible they way you see it, are free to make their own choices†¦ isn’t that freedom of religion too?† (9) People cannot talk about how abortion imposes on the pro-choices religion without talking about the religious freedom of the woman undergoing the procedure. If a woman’s beliefs tell her to do what is best for her The last topic is how making abortion illegal will take away a woman’s right by forcing her to stay pregnant. There are various reasons why a woman chooses to have an abortion. Whether it is because the woman is not ready for kids emotionally or financially, the baby was produced by rape or incest, or she simply just may not want kids and etc.   For people who are pro-choice â€Å"†¦ If your side ever wins, then my daughter and her daughter will be forced to stay pregnant, when their life circumstances†¦ would be much better served if they could safely terminate the fetus†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (7) So for people out there who are wanting abortion to illegal, in a sense, they want a woman to be forced to be pregnant even if that is not what is best for the woman. If abortion stays legal â€Å" we haven’t forced your daughter or her daughter after her, to do anything against their will.† (7) By keeping abortion legal no ones rights will be infringed on and no on e is forced to do anything they do not want to do. The same cannot be said if abortion was made illegal. In conclusion, abortions do not terminate babies it terminates fetuses. If abortion goes against someone’s religious beliefs they are free not to have them but do not forget about the religious freedom of the woman undergoing the abortion. People who do not support abortion will never be forced to do something against their will whether its legal or illegal but making abortion illegal will force a woman to stay pregnant against their will. These were just a few reasons why I think abortion should stay legal.

Cinemas Impact On Society

Cinemas Impact On Society In the subcontinent there are numerous traditions and practices that are based on ignorance and which have captivated the progress of the societies. Of such negative influenced ignorance, unsociability, dowry systems, rigidity of caste system and purdah system have done remarkable harm to the society. These influences are present in our society and are practiced without the repercussion of the aftermath that they bring with them, the society keeps following them like nobility preached through ancestral traditions. Cinema films have, had and will continue to torch light to eradicate the stubborn stains in the sub continental society. Cinema has been used to promote eradication of trafficking, illiteracy, slavery, promote national integration, family planning, and inter caste/religion marriages. Cinema can be used as a tool to contribute to guide the society to proceed along the righteous path. It has been and will be used as a mean to remove ignorance from the sub continental society. http://essaysandarticles.com/science/the-cinema%E2%80%94-its-impact-on-society There are dynamic views and realization of cinema to different people associated to this form of media, for instance for the Producers it is a mean of a lucrative business, for directors and backroom staff, it is a form of canvas for them there they can perform their art work to the masses for personal desire and satisfaction, for on screen performers, such as actors and actresses, its is a mean of earning money and face value, while for the masses it is a mean of cheap and interesting form of entertainment and pastime for their viewing and listening pleasure. This is one of the key reasons why cinema has been a flourishing industry for ages and hold of a major market share of the entertainment industry. http://www.preservearticles.com/201106127879/essay-on-the-effect-of-cinema-on-our-society.html Indian Cinema: Since its beginning with the film Raja Harish Chandra (1913), the cinema has remained the most powerful media for mass communication in India. Cinema has the ability to combine entertainment with communication of ideas. It has the potential appeal for its audience. It certainly leaves other media far behind in making such an appeal. As in literature, cinema has produced much which touches the innermost layers of the man. It mirrors the episodes in such a manner that leaves an impact on the coming generations. Cinema presents an image of the society in which it is born and the hopes, aspirations, frustration and contradictions present in any given social order. In the present era, cinema is getting replaced by small screen productions. Televised serials and programmes are replacing craze. They advertise and earn revenue for industry. Thus films telecast has become a source of further income for the industry and trade. Man has instincts, different thoughts flow which leave an effect on the minds. The person laughs with the films and tears with them. Scenes of Shaheed Bhagat Singh, a film by Raj Kumar Santoshi and Manoj Goswami makes people national-minded and sentimentally involved in the film show. The fim dialogues are occupying places in our real life. Dialogues of Mugle Azam found place in the normal interaction of people for a long time. People talked and walked like Prithvi Raj, the great king Akbar. In the same way, plays by Agha Hashat and Devdas by Sharat Chandra left a deep impact on the masses. In the same way, film Sholey created an imending effect on so many. http://www.preservearticles.com/201106127879/essay-on-the-effect-of-cinema-on-our-society.html Example of Bengali Cinema and how it portrays: Bengali cinema is closely linked to Modernity and Realism. The most renowned and famous film makers of the Bengali cinema along with the modernist thoughts chose the genre of realism to reach to a new height. Ritwik Ghatak and Satyajit Ray are some of the greatest examples, who have played with the theme of realism and modernity in their films. Modernity is a vast topic and can be defined into many ways. But we will mainly focus on the artistic, social and political modernization. Satyajit Rays film Pather Pancheli is one of the ultimate examples of films portraying realism along with several elements of modernity. It was an inspiration to Vittorio De Siccas Bicycle Thief, 1948 which was based on Italian neo-realism. Rays work was a stroke of genius. It reflected the social progress and change in Bengal and also had modernized ideas and concepts. In his film Pather Panchali, Ray has focused on leaving the old ideas behind, moving on and working on new concepts. He put emphasis on the fact that, with the passage of time the conventional ways of living, family ideas and traditional lifestyle have become outdated and needs to be altered accordingly. During the climax, Apu and his family, leaves their home and later departs from the village. Their ancestors home was the sole reason why they were not leaving that village. They shifted to another place for a better living and life style. By relocating, they were able to sell off the old house which was of no use to them, instead was the reason for their daughters life. This film is an evolution from traditional times to modern way of living. Ray used many metaphors throughout his film which were related to a need for change and modernity. I think old aunt was a perfect example of metaphorical usage. She was exhausted, old woman who had nothing to do than just wandering around the house. She is frequently told by everyone to leave which indicates that she is unwanted and worthless in the house. The family feared famine, survival and poverty. They were unhappy about the traditional way of living and traditions. The same way, they were annoyed by the presence of old aunt. Later, we founds out that the old aunt rambles, after several unsuccessful attempts of searching for a shelter place, she dies. Death of old ideas is the metaphorical meaning of old aunts death. Ray wishes for a change, something which is never ending. Through his illustrations, he focused on a need for change so that we can break away from the traditions which are holding us back an d is a form of barrier to our progress. By means of aunt death, he is able to show how traditions have become out-of-date. Rays another great work Charulata (1964), also focuses on bringing a change. The story sets in an upper middle class Bengali society. In this context, a lonesome housewife falls in love with her brother-in-law while they both were boosting each other to write. He applied two different thoughts of traditionalism and modernity, home and desire and literature and politics together. Rays films have a humanistic approach. The depth of his works is far reaching. It has captured the human heart and extracted the emotions from it. Apu throwing the necklace stolen by Durga, Amal leaving home for the fear of being unfaithful, Durga stealing food from her aunt are examples of Rays humanistic work. Ray is also inspired by Neo-realism. From my point of view, it is because his stories are largely concentrating on the society. He cannot make them fictional because then it would irrelevant to the society. His stories are not meant to be films, in fact a reality which was an image of the society in which he has lived in. It was a complete imitation of Bengali society. The characters were portrayal of real personalities. For example, Durga is Hindu mythological character. When you look at her, you will not judge her as a good or evil character but will think of her as a woman who had existed in the past and had different attributes which mirrored her personality. She wasnt a fictional character. Correspondingly, Ritwik Ghataks films introduced the modernistic themes of isolation, alienation and need for home that evolves around the Bengali society. In his socially applicable film Ajantrik, Ghatak brought together the concept of isolation and alienation to the society. He demonstrates a mans love for his car; car is a lifeless object. That man had a disturbed social life where he was not able to bond tighter with people around him. There are scenes like when Bimal is having a conversation with his car. He takes care of his car like he is a living companion. At the same time, didnt give importance to what the society says. This shows the importance of the car, Jagaddal. Ghatak treat the car as a living character and not as a prop. He also showed the cars point of view. He wants to prove his point that with the introduction of modernization; nowadays people are more materialistic orientated. They value property more than relations. Likewise in Subarnarekha (1965), Ghatak has focused more on the theme of home (alongside the sub-themes such as relations and happiness.His work is also about modernity, change and its effects and how partition affected Ghatak and the society. Subarnarekha is a after partition story of a family relocating to the bank of Subarnarekha River. Throughout the story, Sita search for happiness. He talks about the new home feeling and that she confesses her secrets, happiness and woes to a river. What I learned from Ghataks films is he considers that society has transformed from being a community to a combined living of different characters. Individualism is present all over his work. People have how people have gone from being lovers of nature and man-made beauty (like lakes and montains) to cars and property. One may say that in the films of both, Satyajit Ray and Ritwik Ghatak, you can find many modernist essentials. Their work ranges from content to themes like anthropomorphism, home and modernity; also their craft which is the use of POV shots, Brechtian elements, different style of cinematography and manipulating space. Conclusion It is always good and well groomed to see good subjects on cinema. They have a very positive and long-lasting effect on the minds whereas cheap and shabby movies affect the tender minds of audience very badly. There is general feeling that present day crimes are all due to effects of cinema. Besides open and demonstrative subjects throw tarnished messages. They spoil our culture, and society. Cinema and TV badly affect the health of the youngsters. They neglect studies and physical games to spend more time on this entertainment. School-going children and society children fail to make use of good impacts and are influenced by the bad part of the programmes on the air. The motive is not to discard cinema or TV telecast so easily. The desirable act will be to selective and choosy for programmes. Good movies should be seen by the students. The movies of TV shows should be very much restricted and for a fix time. The cinema exercises a great influence on the mind of the people. It has a great educative value. It can achieve splendid results in the field of expansion of education. There are certain subjects, such as science and geography, which can be more effec ­tively taught with the help of talkies. Lessons on road sense, rules of hygiene and civic sense can be taught to the students and the public as well in a very effective manner with the help of cinema pictures. Many successful experiments have been made in various countries on the utility of films as a means of education. Feature films have been produced for school and college students and students are being benefitted by them. Cinema films have the power to influence the thinking of the people. They have changed the society and social trends. They have introduced new fashions in society. They may be described as pace-setters. They can create a direct impact on our social life. Films can go a long way towards arousing national consciousness and also in utilising the energies of the youth in social reconstruc ­tion and nation-building by a skilful adaption of good moral, social and educative themes, and by introduction of popular sentiments, films can, to a great extent, formulate and guide public opinion

Application Of Theory In Pediatric Epilepsy Nursing Essay

Application Of Theory In Pediatric Epilepsy Nursing Essay Theories of nursing can be directly applied to nursing practice.   Middle range theories are especially important in caring for patients.   Recognizing that the theory of chronic sorrow is applicable to pediatric epilepsy patients is essential to the care of the child as well as their family.   The theory of chronic sorrow is related to periodic feelings of sadness that a person experiences due to a loss or chronic life dilemma.   The pertinence of chronic sorrow will be evaluated related to the nursing practice of pediatric epilepsy patients.   Pediatric epilepsy patients and their families face many ongoing problems which can trigger chronic sorrow at any given point in their lives.   A scenario surrounding the care of a pediatric epilepsy patient and their family will be discussed associated with the theory of chronic sorrow.   The nurse will learn from this paper the rationale behind applying nursing theories to their everyday nursing care. A Clinical Scenario in Pediatric Epilepsy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The middle range nursing theory of chronic sorrow is apparent in many patients and families affected by epilepsy.   Epilepsy is a relatively common diagnosis in the pediatric population.   Chronic sorrow can be triggered over and over again with new seizures, delay in development, treatments and the many restrictions on living life as normal children do.   Nursing care of a child and family experiencing the effects of epilepsy can be challenging.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An eleven year old female presented in the pediatric epilepsy monitoring unit for intractable epilepsy.   She had a diagnosis of epilepsy since the age of three months.   She also had secondary diagnoses of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cognitive developmental delays.   Her family brought her to the hospital for a second opinion regarding treatment options for her intractable seizures.   The patient is an only child and lives at home with both of her biological parents.   The patients mother works outside the home and the father was a high school teacher but has made the choice to stay at home due to patients extensive needs and diagnosis.   The patient attends public school in a special needs classroom setting with other children with developmental disabilities.   She requires the use of a classroom aide due to her extreme behavioral outbursts.   Physical, occupational and speech therapies are provided for her while at s chool and she is reported as functioning at a twelve year old age level.   The parents revealed that the patient does not socialize well and most children are fearful of her due to her behavior.   They feel that she is challenging no matter what they do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During their stay the parents displayed behaviors of inappropriate coping and chronic sorrow.   They often described the patient as: A Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde.   She was observed to be pleasant at times, but had a short attention span.   Her behaviors could become disruptive and she had frequent outbursts.   She is dependent on others for assistance with hygiene due to frequent falls from seizures and inability to perform tasks on her own.   Her father also voiced that she had signs of regression over the last year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The family has never sought services or explored resources through any epilepsy foundation.   They have also never looked into any other community services such as the board of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (MRDD), Wavier services or respite care.   The father reported that they have no choice but to try and cope through this lifelong disease.   The father appeared to be somewhat gruff secondary to his interactions and responsiveness towards the patients behaviors.   He was then observed on the video monitoring system to threaten the patient by showing his fist to patient.   Her mother was then seen pushing his hand away and said for him not to do this because they were on camera.   It is unknown to why the father was doing this jester or if he was angry at the time, but no physical abuse was seen.   The nursing staff felt at this point that there were many coping concerns and spoke to the family regarding their frustrations.   Social work and child psychiatry were also consulted to evaluate this escalating situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During this admission an extensive surgical workup was performed.   The patient was taken off of all antiepileptic medication so that a seizure could be recorded and observed on the electroencephalogram (EEG).   It was very difficult and emotional for the family to hope for a seizure to help the patients overall prognosis.   After several days of purposeful sleep deprivation the patient began to have seizure activity that escalated to the point of status epilepticus.   The seizures were able to be controlled on the unit with medical treatment and the patient was restarted on her antiepileptic medication.   After a week of extensive monitoring it was determined that she was able to be released home with her parents to come back for epilepsy surgery at a later date. The Theory of Chronic Sorrow   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The middle range theory of chronic sorrow is relevant to families of children inside the field of pediatric epilepsy.   They may experience many emotions upon identification of this medical problem and throughout its management.   Chronic sorrow can be defined as periodic recurrence of permanent, pervasive sadness or other grief-related feelings associated with ongoing disparity resulting from a loss experience (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p.149). It can occur in the individual with the illness or with the caregivers and family (Dunning, 1999).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An experience of loss is usually a precursor usually to chronic sorrow. It may be a loss without a foreseeable end point. Examples of this could be: the birth of a disabled child or diagnosis of a chronic illness, or a more clearly defined loss event, such as the death of a loved one (Peterson and Bredow, 2009). A second precursor to chronic sorrow is considered to be disparity. A disparity is a gap between the current reality and the desired as a result of a loss experience (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p. 149). A disparity happens when a patient or their family can not let go of the situation or the loss that has occurred. These can lead to recurring experiences of chronic sorrow. Trigger events can often bring about feelings of chronic sorrow.   A trigger event is defined as a situation, circumstance, or condition that brings the negative disparity resulting from the loss into focus, or exacerbates the disparity (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p. 149).   This can depend on how often the patient has seizures and the affects that they have on the childs overall quality of life.   These events can also occur when the child has failed another medical intervention or is unable to accomplish an additional developmental milestone related to their chronic seizure activity.   One of the most frequent triggers of chronic sorrow in parents of small children with disabilities is the regression or absence of developmental milestones (Peterson and Bredow, 2009).   The trigger situations are usually unexpected and can appear at any given time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Management methods for the theory of chronic sorrow are essential in the care of the child and their family.   The management of chronic sorrow involves two different types of intervention.   These types of management interventions are considered to be internal and external.   Internal intervention includes personal coping throughout an episode of chronic sorrow.   Different types of action oriented strategies are used to help the patient or family feel more in control of the situation that they are experiencing (Peterson and Bredow, 2009).   Internal management can be also gained from support groups or speaking to other individuals in similar situations. Interpersonal communication is another strategy of internal management that has been identified in helping someone deal with their chronic sorrow (Peterson and Bredow, 2009). External interventions are those received from a reliable healthcare member.   It is important for professionals to recognize that individuals who have experienced a significant loss may evidence the periodic recurrence of grief-related feelings, defined as chronic sorrow (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p. 154).   Nurses can use this knowledge to provide support to those patients or families experiencing an episode of chronic sorrow or to those that may be have an episode impending. It is important to identify whether or not the individual has any internal management interventions. These interventions can then be assessed, strengthened, and supported (Peterson and Bredow, 2009). Chronic sorrow can affect any person and nobody is immune to feeling of a loss. The emotions raised by chronic sorrow can affect every individual differently. The middle range theory of chronic sorrow provides a framework for understanding the reactions of individuals to various loss situations and offers a new way of viewing the experience of bereavement (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p. 151). It is important for the entire healthcare team, especially the nurses caring for these individuals, to be aware of the chronic sorrow and the concepts that define it as a theory. The middle range theory of chronic sorrow has a widespread application for nurses and others who strive to better understand individuals responses to loss and to define effective interventions for those experiencing chronic sorrow (Peterson and Bredow, 2009, p. 157). Application of Chronic Sorrow to Pediatric Epilepsy   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  When a child is first diagnosed with epilepsy, the entire family and support system can become overwhelmed.   Chronic epilepsy can consume the lives of all involved with the child.   The child and their caregivers have to be concerned with medications, treatments, specialty diets, ongoing tests and appointments.   The child and their family also have to be aware of activity restrictions and precautions when at home, school, or out in public.   This can become a lifelong balancing act.   The theory of chronic sorrow becomes important for nurses to fully understand the care of a child with epilepsy.   There are so many trigger events that can be experienced by these children and their families that this can become an issue that arises often. According to the literature, chronic sorrow is considered to be a normal response to an ongoing loss (Peterson and Bredow, 2009). In the article by Hobdell (2007), chronic sorrow was studied with children and families affected by epilepsy. Regardless of onset, patient age, or circumstances involved, chronic sorrow is an important variable to consider.   The eleven year old patient and family who were cared for in the pediatric epilepsy unit had many issues that indicated that they were experiencing chronic sorrow. Their struggle with chronic sorrow began at diagnosis. Contending with the diagnosis of epilepsy and acting to overcome the inherent problems associated with this medical condition form the basis for a parents ability to cope with the care of a child with epilepsy (Hobdell, 2007). This family waited years to be blessed with this child and they were now facing the biggest uphill battle of their lives. The course of a childs seizures, potential complications, and long-term prognosis are often unknown (Hobdell, 2007).   This patient also faced diagnoses of ADHD and cognitive developmental delays seco ndary to her epilepsy. This family thought that the epilepsy was difficult enough, but they then had to try and cope with difficulties in every other aspect of their daughters life. This seems to be the time when their chronic sorrow intensified. The inevitable loss of the image of an ideal child, intensified by the diagnosis of a child with epilepsy, may initiate a mourning process that varies in intensity, rate, and duration (Hobdell, 2007). The diagnosis of epilepsy has affects on the entire family as well as the patient. The patients father felt as though he had to stay home to care for her seeing as she needed regular supervision and her mother could provide more monetarily. For parents who are working full time and caring for a child with chronic illness, the stressors related to managing work and caring responsibilities are magnified (Dunning, 1999). Her parents appeared to be involved, but were inappropriately reactive to episodic outbursts, which in turn seemed to increase the episodes. They were embarrassed that they were observed threatening the patient, but admittedly were not sure of how to effectively cope with the situation. Additional research has also examined adaptation, burden of care, and stigma as variables impacting stress and the ability to cope with the diagnosis of epilepsy (Hobdell, 2007). They blamed themselves for their daughters problems.   They explained that they tried to have a baby for ye ars.   After many unsuccessful pregnancies they believed that were blessed with this perfect angel.   When the patient started having seizures at the age of three months they were devastated and this is when the rollercoaster of their life began. Under these circumstances, it is common for parents to be reminded of the loss associated with the perfect child they once dreamed of or to experience an increased fear that their child may not be able to live the quality of life they once anticipated (Gordon, 2009). The diagnosis must initially be incorporated into daily life without it completely taking over (Hobdell, 2007). During the initial diagnosis of epilepsy the medical team explains the basics of what to expect, treatments, interventions for uncontrolled seizures, and safety precautions.   The nursing staff has a very important role with these patients and their families.   They can offer words of advice and examples of what others would do in a similar situation.   The nurses work hands on with these types of patients and families everyday and have a wealth of knowledge to help them feel that they are not alone.   Becoming accustomed to a new way of life can be very challenging.   Education is essential during the discharge process to help the family in being at ease with dealing with this new dilemma that they are facing.   Epilepsy can overpower a patient or familys independence.   Pediatric nursing is not only care of the children but care of the whole family (Dunning, 1999).   Nurses should effectively recognize matters of concern in families of children with epilepsy. This includes impending feelings of sorrow and their understanding and utilization of a variety of management and coping strategies. The capacity to promptly acquire this information may facilitate nurses in identifying families in need and put into action appropriate interventions. They must do this with the expectation of contributing to a more optimistic result for families of children with epilepsy. With an understanding of chronic sorrow, nurses can plan interventions that recognize it as a normal reaction, promote healthy adaptation, and provide empathetic support (Scornaienchi, 2003). Every aspect of the childs life must be addressed.   These issues include: home safety, personal care, school safety, driving, recreational activities, medical compliance, and social relationships. With the life-long issues that this child will face, they will need a significant amount of support from the nursing staff. Theories allow for the nursing staff to understand why a family feels the way they do and possible interventions in helping them cope with a difficult situation. The middle range nursing theory of chronic sorrow is applicable to any pediatric patient and their families dealing with the struggle of epilepsy. Adaptation occurs with both internal and external management. According to Gordons (2009) article, caregivers of patients found support from a variety of sources. The sources of support that this patient and family have are their extended family, friends, the nurses and other medical professionals. As nurses, our interventions should be listening to someone that is enduring chronic sorrow. Internal management differs in all individuals. Sometimes they do not want to reveal how they are feeling, especially to a complete stranger. Respecting the individuals internal management strategies will allow for the most positive results. Parents see strength and courage in their child and that alone gives them the strength they need (Gordon, 2009).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   External management of chronic sorrow is an intervention taken on by the patients nurses and other medical caregivers. When the nursing staff recognized that there were concerns regarding coping strategies they consulted the social work and child psychiatry teams for assistance.   Anticipatory guidance, support services, and community resources can be offered to these families (Dunning, 1999).   Nurses begin to build relationships with their patients and their families over the period of treatment.   During this time span, nurses may become aware of triggering events. Acting to prevent a triggering event or decreasing its capacity may suspend an episode of chronic sorrow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The theory of chronic sorrow will be relevant throughout the ongoing treatment of the seizure activity. Sadly, in this field of pediatrics, many children and their families will have to manage with intractable epilepsy for the rest of their lives. In these cases, the family may have to suffer with chronic sorrow perpetually. When nurses have a thorough understanding of the theory of chronic sorrow, they will be able to provide more efficient support and help to diminish occurrences of chronic sorrow. Families who used effective adaptive strategies, such as methods to reduce the burden of illness, had a better quality of life (Scornaienchi, 2003). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The nursing theory of chronic sorrow is crucial in taking care of patients in the specialty of pediatric epilepsy.   This theory directly applies to pediatric epilepsy due it its uniqueness and lifelong effects that it has on the patient and all members of the family.   The approach that the nurse and medical team takes in caring for this patient can help them learn to cope with this ongoing medical problem.   It is crucial for healthcare professionals to realize that the emotional response to epilepsy may have a negative impact on the child or their family.   They may have difficulty in adapting or adjusting to life changes, as well as have trouble in effectively coping and working towards promoting quality of life.   Every encounter with the patient or their family should focus on positive adjustments.   Offering support to help relieve the burden of chronic sorrow can be very beneficial for them.   Reducing feelings of guilt related to chronic sorrow can help facilitate adjustment between the patient and their family.   This all can allow for positive change in the lives of pediatric epilepsy patients and their families.   It has been found that little research has been done regarding chronic sorrow related to pediatric epilepsy and that it needs to be more thoroughly explored.   It should be determined whether intervention should be initiated at diagnosis with appropriate support and ongoing educational intervention.   Timeliness of intervention  may have a more positive impact on the child and their family in regards to perceptions of epilepsy and quality of life. Appendix   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In preparation for researching literature related to the theory of chronic sorrow and pediatric epilepsy I decided the best place to start was Kent State Universitys library homepage.   I formulated a plan ahead of time as to what kind of information was important to my search.   Precious time can be lost  from going into a search unsure of what information to look for.   I then went into the research database and found that the search engine EBSCO Host would allow me to search CINAHL, Medline Plus, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition at the same time.   I first narrowed my search by the term chronic sorrow which revealed one-hundred and thirteen articles.   I then narrowed my search further by adding in pediatric epilepsy which yielded one result.   I switched that term to just pediatrics due to only one article available for review and I was then able to view twenty articles.   From the results page I narrowed the articles to those that are less than 10 years old.   This process was essential in finding the exact information that I needed and left me with seventeen pertinent articles.   Many articles that I found would be important to my literature review were not available in full text.   Several of the articles were available through the Ohio Link, but due to time and distance factors to the college I found that I could access some of them directly from searching for them in Google Scholar.  Ã‚  Ã‚   I found this to be the most time efficient way to access the information I needed in my literature review.   I chose just the most appropriate articles available on my topic.   I did this by reading through the abstract to determine whether they would have any relevant information.   After reading through the abstracts, it was seen whether or not they would be beneficial to my literature review.  Ã‚   In doing this entire process I found four articles that were most appropriate in the literature revie w of pediatric patients suffering from chronic sorrow.

Mapping the Future Essay -- Cartography Technology Computers Essays

Mapping the Future Technology and computers have revolutionized many of the aspects of our lives. Many professions and businesses have used technology to their advantage and completely changed industries. One profession that has drastically changed because of computers and technology is cartography or mapmaking. The impact of technology on geographic information and mapmaking has led to new techniques and skills for these now computer-based jobs and careers. New technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) have emerged in mapmaking. There are also new Internet-based map services including MapQuest and MapBlast as well as other digital maps. Before analyzing the effects that technology has on mapmaking, it is important to understand some of the history of maps. Hundreds of years ago, maps were drawn by hand and much of the work had to be done manually. In ancient Greece , philosophers came up with the idea of â€Å"geography† and that was where the foundations of maps were created. Information about geography is very crucial in designing a map and at this time methods of mapmaking were very primitive. Over a thousand years ago, China navigated its surrounding waters and was able to create the most accurate maps at the time (Knox 12). Exploration was on the rise in the 1500s because of Europeans’ discovery of America and maps were needed by these empires. In the next few centuries, mapmaking became more accurate because of the ever-expanding knowledge of information about geography. As the methods of mapmaking improved during the years prior to the 20th century, advancements were made in cartography in terms of measurem... ...duced and more common because the ability to produce them has become easier. Computers and technology have definitely had significant, positive effects on mapmaking and cartography. Works Cited Knox, P. L. & Marston, S. A. Places and Regions in Global Context: Human Geography. Upper Saddle River , NJ : Pearson Education, Inc., 2003. Chrisman, Nicholas Exploring Geographic Information Systems. New York , NY : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002 Hafner, Katie. Adventures in Driving, Via Web Map. The New York Times. C-1 Jan. 16, 2003 . Davis, Bruce GIS: A Visual Approach. Florence , KY : Onword Press, 2001. DiBiase, David. â€Å"Understanding Geographic Data.† ESRI Virtual Campus Retrieved: 10 Apr 2003 . Kaplan, Elliott. Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications. Norwood , MA : Artech House, 1996. Mapping the Future Essay -- Cartography Technology Computers Essays Mapping the Future Technology and computers have revolutionized many of the aspects of our lives. Many professions and businesses have used technology to their advantage and completely changed industries. One profession that has drastically changed because of computers and technology is cartography or mapmaking. The impact of technology on geographic information and mapmaking has led to new techniques and skills for these now computer-based jobs and careers. New technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) have emerged in mapmaking. There are also new Internet-based map services including MapQuest and MapBlast as well as other digital maps. Before analyzing the effects that technology has on mapmaking, it is important to understand some of the history of maps. Hundreds of years ago, maps were drawn by hand and much of the work had to be done manually. In ancient Greece , philosophers came up with the idea of â€Å"geography† and that was where the foundations of maps were created. Information about geography is very crucial in designing a map and at this time methods of mapmaking were very primitive. Over a thousand years ago, China navigated its surrounding waters and was able to create the most accurate maps at the time (Knox 12). Exploration was on the rise in the 1500s because of Europeans’ discovery of America and maps were needed by these empires. In the next few centuries, mapmaking became more accurate because of the ever-expanding knowledge of information about geography. As the methods of mapmaking improved during the years prior to the 20th century, advancements were made in cartography in terms of measurem... ...duced and more common because the ability to produce them has become easier. Computers and technology have definitely had significant, positive effects on mapmaking and cartography. Works Cited Knox, P. L. & Marston, S. A. Places and Regions in Global Context: Human Geography. Upper Saddle River , NJ : Pearson Education, Inc., 2003. Chrisman, Nicholas Exploring Geographic Information Systems. New York , NY : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002 Hafner, Katie. Adventures in Driving, Via Web Map. The New York Times. C-1 Jan. 16, 2003 . Davis, Bruce GIS: A Visual Approach. Florence , KY : Onword Press, 2001. DiBiase, David. â€Å"Understanding Geographic Data.† ESRI Virtual Campus Retrieved: 10 Apr 2003 . Kaplan, Elliott. Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications. Norwood , MA : Artech House, 1996.

Free Essays - Importance of Feste in Twelfth Night :: Twelfth Night essays

Importance of Feste in Twelfth Night Feste, the amusing clown, plays a most important part in the play. He is able to take on several roles, and is indeed "for all waters"; from serious to comic, learned to nonsensical, the wit or the practical joker; just as the occasion seems to suggest. Because he is a part of both the main and sub plot, Feste is the character, who links both parts of the play together, making Twelfth Night a whole. The clown contributes towards the humourous entertainment of this play through his numerous puns and jokes. He is a source of laughter, not because we are humoured by his "foolery"; for he proves to be no fool at all; but rather because he amuses us with his brilliant wit. Having mastered the art of jesting, Feste is sensitive of his profession, always aware of the circumstances he is in and the appropriateness of this folly. Feste is able to prevent any delusions of grandeur by a reminder that foolishness is a condition common to all mankind whether one is king or servant. It is Malvolio's vanity that convinces Feste to take part in the joke played on the steward. As "Sir Topas", and Malvolio's `prosecutor` Feste attempted to help Malvolio realize that there was "no darkness but ignorance". With Feste's help, we are able to attain a better understanding of the other characters in the play- revealing their true personalities, which are sometimes unseen, not only by us, the audience, but also by the characters themselves. He shows Olivia how unrealistic and excessive her mourning for her brother's death has been, he tells Orsino how foolish he is for languishing in a mood of love-sick melancholy for Olivia and points out how mercurial his personality is, and he makes a fool out of the pompous Malvolio. "Foolery, sir, does walk about the orb like the sun- it shines everywhere" says Feste. Feste, however, never takes sides with any of the characters, and in this way, he becomes a kind of commentator for the play. He is able to examine the characters, revealing the bare truth about them and he unites the main and sub-plot in a similar way.

PHL 2560 Reasoning Exercise #4 Essay

1.What speciï ¬ c techniques were used to bring about the destruction of self-awareness among the prisoners? The prison camp used social alienation techniques to bring about the destruction of self-awareness among the prisoners. They treated each prisoner like animals and did not acknowledge them as human beings. The ability to cater to basic human functions as we do was taken away. This degradation broke the prisoners down and stripped them of their personal traits. This kind of treatment worked well in a group-style setting with other prisoners experiencing the same type of torture. 2.What opposite processes could be used to create the reverse process, that is, a strengthening of the self-concept? By empowering the unique individual traits we all possess, we in turn strengthen the self-concept. Encourage people to put their best work out there and recognizing individual strengths that make a strong team nearly unstoppable. All of those things make the self-concept crystal clear. 3. Assume that you are charged with the orientation of a cohort of new managers in your organization. How would you help them understand their own strengths and inclinations and how they could best contribute to the ï ¬ rm? My overall goal would be to show them that â€Å"teams work† based on diverse traits and talents. An important first step would be to help the group identify the strengths and talents each individual holds, and also show that one person’s strength may not be present in another. That’s why working together is not only vital for personal success and growth, but benefits the company as a whole.

Human Memory Model Essay

What is the Human Memory Model? Do you know where your thoughts and memories go? We are going to look at the three different memory types. What makes them up and how they function. Developing short and long term memories is something that is a long term project. We do not fill our cerebral cortex with all the knowledge and memories overnight. In this paper we are going to look at the human memory model. What makes us process thoughts into memories, process things we see, hear, feel, taste and smell into memories. We are going to look at short term memory, long term memory and sensory memory types. These different types of memory models make up the structural and functional model of memory. First we look at sensory memory this is like the safety deposit box of the memory bank. Sensory memory is the processing of brief sensations that occur through the five senses. They are briefly stored in your short term memory bank. If you enter a room that has a not so pleasant smell your brain is processing this in your short term memory. You may remember the room itself, but not necessarily the smell. Sensory memory only sticks around while the stimulus is also around. Certain instances can help recall the memories like an emotional memory, the stronger the emotion, the stronger the memory. Short term memory is also referred to as working memory, the combination of transient sensory memory and extensive long term memory. New material comes in and mashes with the old information, and is managed as a working process. Not all short term thoughts get put into our long term memory vault. Some methods of retaining information are called chunking. We process letters, numbers and thoughts by grouping into chunks of seven. Phone numbers are a good example of this, two groups of three digits and one group of four digits. Maybe this is why phone numbers are formatted this way, so we can remember so many different sets of phone numbers. If you make a call one time, you may not remember that number ever again. But placing this call multiple times will store the digits in your long term memory bank. (Editorial Board, 2011 p. g. 124) With this we move right into long term memory, long term memory is something we need to work at day after day. If you are trying to study for a test, it is best to study a little bit at a time every day, cramming is not recommended. You are not supplying your brain enough repetition to store information in your long term memory bank. This method of learning has been proven over time in many ways. Episodic memories are something you experience or an event in your life. Semantic memories are items of memory that you learned at some point in your life. Items that are told to you or you read about. Learning with your semantic memory still requires repetition for it to be stored in your long term memory bank. You must listen to someone speak and understand what they are saying before you will remember it. You cannot simply just stare at them and hear what they are saying. Your undivided attention is required. Explicit and Implicit memories are described as bringing information forward for recall. Implicit memory is brought forward automatically without intentional conscious recall. Whereas, explicit memories are brought forth through conscious recall. You use explicit memories to remember family and friends birthdays or mundane information that you learned in grade school. You need to recall this information to bring it back to the surface; where implicit memories are the ones that we never forget like riding a bike or driving a car. Retrospective memory is items of information that have already been presented and stored in the long term memory bank. Prospective memory is future information such as a grocery store list without writing the needed items down. Without making the list, you could walk into the grocery store and ask yourself, â€Å"why am I here†? But with retrospective memory you could recall that your kids ran out of milk at breakfast and not everyone could have cereal. So now you remember that your list included milk. Prospective emory may spark your memory for other items that you need to get. Encoding is the initial process of recording and identifying information. Three types of codes help to make memories acoustic, visual and semantic. Acoustic code is sound, some sounds recall memories. The sound of the ocean might give you a joyful memory of your childhood. There are also sounds that might bring up bad memories, like a gun shot. When thinking of a gunshot you recall a traumatic experience where two law enforcement officers are trying to apprehend a suspect. When you arrive they are all three wrestling on the ground. Now that the law enforcement officers are fighting and shouting at the suspect, you have to try to remember who is saying what and who pulls their gun out first. Then the gunshot happens and suddenly your mind goes blank. When other officers arrive you are expected to recall what has just happened and make a statement. However, the situation was so traumatizing that you only remember two details of the scene. Visual memories are much the same, as when you see the space where this event took place you are remembering the details of the event some years later. Semantic memories understand the relationship between signifiers such as words, phrases, signs and symbols. This is what you would learn while attending school and living in mainstream America. You brain stores all of this information like a flash drive, when you want to restore this information you simply full the file and remember. (LeMee & Shaw, 1997) (Editorial Board, 2011 p. g. 121) Now where do you think all of these memories go? They must all be stored somewhere right? Of course, the information is stored in the limbric system, which includes the hippocampus and the amygdala. The hippocampus is responsible for transferring the short term memory into long term memories. The amygdala is responsible for linking emotions and memories. The hippocampus acts as the neurological message system, passing along information from long term storage in the cerebral cortex. Different parts of the hippocampus are thought to be involved in different activities, such as consolidation of spatial memories. The amygdala provides a means of retrieval by pairing emotions in an event with the memory of the event. The hippocampus and amygdala are very important functions in the brain they are certainly not the only functions. (Editorial Board, 2011 p. g. 119) The brain is a very complex organ. It is the most important organ besides the heart in the human body. Without the brain, your quality of life would be awful. Brain injuries are all too common where a hit to the head in just the right place can take away all your short term memory. This could leave you with the ability to not retain any new memories. You should always protect your brain, especially the cerebral cortex which stores all your memories.