Thursday, December 26, 2019

Who Is Sonia Gandhi - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1677 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/07 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Mahatma Gandhi Essay Did you like this example? Together we can face any challenges as deep as the ocean and as high as the sky. The famous leader that I chose to write about is Sonia Gandhi. She was born on December 9th, 1946.   She was born in the small village of Orbassano which is just out side of Turin, Italy. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Who Is Sonia Gandhi?" essay for you Create order She was born to a typical Roman Catholic family, to the parents of Paolo and Stefano. Stefano was a contractor who owned his own medium sized construction company while Paolo raised Sonia and her two sisters. When Sonia turned 18 her father moved her to Cambridge University, where he had no idea her life was a bout to change for ever.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1965, just a year after arriving in England, Sonia met a young Indian student named Rajiv Gandhi (1944â€Å"1991), who was studying mechanical engineering at Cambridge University. According to Sonia Gandhi, it was love at first sight. The courtship, however, lasted three years, perhaps because Rajiv was from one of the most famous families in India, if not the world. Sonias parents were reluctant to have her become involved in such a different culture, and Sonia herself was nervous about meeting Rajivs famous mother, Indira Gandhi (1917â€Å"1984), who was the first lady of India. Indira Gandhis father, Jawaharlal Nehru (1889â€Å"1964), became the countrys first prime minister after India claimed its independence from Great Britain in 1947, and Gandhi worked closely with him until his death. In 1965 according to Bindra, Satinder. Indira Gandhi was poised to fill Nehrus shoes. Although Sonia felt as if she was not good enough to pursue her relations hip with Rajiv, his mother and her became fast friends.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1968 Sonia and Rajiv were married in a simple wedding ceremony in India. Sonia had the opportunity to wear a pink sari, in which her mother in law had worn at her own ceremony. A stunned Indira Gandhi begged her older son to join the familys political ranks. Sonia Gandhi was vehemently opposed to the idea, fearing that her husband might be injured or killed, given the explosive nature of Indian politics. After several long discussions, however, the couple jointly agreed that Rajiv should quit his job with the airlines. Although Sonia Gandhi was not pleased, she was a dutiful wife and supported her husbands decision. In 1981 Rajiv ran successfully for Parliament and took over the seat vacated by his brother. He served as the representative from the Amethi district of Uttar Pradesh, a state in northern India populated by approximately 160 million inhabitants.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sonia Gandhi, resigned to the fact that her husband must lead his country, became his vigilant supporter and submerged herself in the role of a prime ministers wife. She became an art historian and worked with a team at the National Gallery in New Delhi to restore Indian landscapes. She also collected and edited letters that had been sent between Indira Gandhi and her father, Jawaharlal Nehru, which were ultimately published in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Despite Sonia Gandhis successes, however, her husband Rajiv was a less-than-successful ruler. He was never able to match the popularity of his famous mother, and his administration was plagued by one problem after another, including charges of illegal arms dealings. As a result, in 1989 Rajiv Gandhi was voted out of office.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Seeing as Sonia Gandhi is not a native-born India citizen, one of the adversities that she had to overcome was adapting to their culture. She was considered as being from a western civilization. One way that she had overcome this adversity was by living with her mother in law and following in their familys footsteps. She learned to adopt to surroundings even learned how to speak Hindu.   Sonia was also faced with being apart of the most famous family in India. She felt as if she was not qualified to be in her husbands position. She decided after being asked consistently to become the prime minister of India. She was voted in for two terms, she decided that if she was ever in the position where she had to choose the inner voice or the public voice, she would go with the inner voice. In 2004 she declined being prime minister and offered the position to a long-time friend. (Schneider, Bill. Gandhi Has Power but Declines Post). She overcame many of the adve rsities she faced by being a loving devoted wife to her husband.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In India, many of the peers who surrounded her loved her and wanted her to continue on with being the leader of India. She made such a positive impact on their nation, that she will forever be a known icon to them. She presented her self as confident, and willing to go the extra mile to make sure that their country was protected and taken care of.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I think that her story furthers the cause for women in leadership because she became a well-liked leader and prime minister of India. This helps women who want to become leaders, keep pushing forward, and show the world that you can and make it better. She showed strength and courage moving to India, not knowing what the future had in store. She also showed strength by not backing down when both her mother in law and her husband were assassinated. She stood her ground and made sure her country knew that no matter what happened, she had their backs and that they would make it through the storms and triumphs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Something that I found relatable in her story to a college student is that she didnt give up when the tough got going. College students are faced with many turmoils during their time in college. We are faced with love at first sight, such as she was. We are also faced with learning a new environment such as she did twice. In her story, she never gave up her morals and continued her with heart. In college many of us feel as if we want to give up because we are burned out, but because our morals and hearts tell us to strive on, we do. We are faced with the same scenarios and triumphs that she faced and over-came. A lesson that I took away from her story is love conquers all. I am married to someone who was raised in a complete different culture. Like Sonia, I was raised in a strict catholic home. However, when I turned 19 I married my best friend. He was raised in Palestine and was raised in a strict Muslim family. When I married him, I had to overcome the cultural barrier, and was scared that his mother and father would think less of me because I didnt follow their religion. Here we are 6 years later, and I support his and his familys decisions no matter what they are. I love him with all my heart, so being his number one fan has allowed me to support him whether I agree or disagree, such as Sonia did for Rajiv.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sonia Gandhi did adhere to the advice given in The Confidence Code and Lean In. In the book The Confidence Code it states that embracing adversity is something that the west could use to improve their strengths. I feel that Sonia Gandhi put this to test when she chose to adapt to the culture in India. This was an example of her embracing the adversity and rolling with it. Some of the adversity that Sonia encountered when she moved to India did not break and send her running back to Italy, it made her stronger.   In face her embracing the adversity made her Prime Minister! Not only did this help her live up to the expectations of her husband but also her mother in law, who happened to be known as the First Lady of India.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In chapter nine of Lean In, the title of it says it all! Sonia did just that. She was the back to her husband Rajiv and supported him no matter the circumstance. Although she wasnt fond of him joining the family tradition of Politics, she continuously supported him through his triumphs and errors. She became devoted to him as a wife and as his number one fan. She adapted to a culture entirely different that what she had been accustomed to just to be married to Rajiv Gandhi. She supported every career aspect of her husbands, and never failed to show her support.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, Sonia Gandhi is a true example of what a female leader should be. She worked and pushed her self beyond her limits of existence. She was never seen in the media when it came to political debates while her mother in law and husband were alive, she put her self out there. She gained enough confidence and experience to succeed in what she chose to do, whether everyone loved her or not. She didnt allow any of the bumps in the road to stop her and when there was a mountain to climb, she climbed it. Reading about Sonia Gandhi has made me realize that if more women were like her and as strong minded, there would be more women in leadership and being political leaders. Sonia Gandhi is someone I wish to follow in her footsteps. Works Cited Page Bhatty, Egbert F. Sonia Gandhi: The Once and Future Prime Minister of India. Washington Dispatch (May 21, 2004). https://www.washingtondispatch.com/printer_9110.shtml (accessed on July 14, 2018). Bindra, Satinder. Gandhi Dynasty Poised for Power. CNN.com: World (May 14, 2004). https://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/05/14/india.vote1155/index.html (accessed on July 10, 2018). Gandhi, Sonia. Speech, Congress Parliamentary Party meeting (New Delhi, India, May 17, 2004). rediff.com. https://in.rediff.com/election/2004/may/18sonia2.htm (accessed on July 14, 2018). Haidar, Suhasini, and Ram Ramgopal. Singh: Poster Boy of Change. CNN.com: World (May 20, 2004). https://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/05/20/india.singh/index.html (accessed on July 11, 2018). Kay, K., Shipman, C. (2018). The confidence code: The science and art of self-assurancewhat women should know. New York, NY: HarperBusiness, an imprint of HarperCollins. Sandberg, S., Scovell, N. (2016). Lean in: For graduates. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Cross Culture Analysis - 3385 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS (1) Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 (2) Cross- cultural Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 (3) Aims of cross-cultural analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 (4) Hofstede and his 5 dimensions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 (4.1) Limitations of Hofstede’s model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 (5) Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 (5.1) Limitations of Trompenaars and Turner model†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 (6) European Cultural Diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 (7) Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 (8) Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 (9) Web References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 (A) Critical review of cross-cultural models†¦show more content†¦These studies have resulted in identifying five dimensions. These dimensions are masculinity-femininity, power distance, individualism-collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and long term vs. short term orientation. Social psychology between and within many cultures are being investigated actively in many respects and has acquired its own momentum over a long period of time. According to (Draguns, Lee McCauley, 1999) comparisons with in the cross cultures can be made with the help of personality variables within that culture. As opposed to this, dimensions can also be derived in multicultural research projects can be used to study the relevance and the proximity to their home culture. In order to elucidate the conceptual nature of the cultural dimensions, Hofstede made various efforts to elaborate the contrast between the individualists as well the collectivist cultures. As this is not the only source of difference, several other Researchers such as Draguns, Lee McCauley, 1999 also carried out studies on individualist cultures where the individuals are not tightly connected. They found that the priority lies with looking after themselves or any other members of the immediate family. These individuals have different goals and aspirations that might not be in line with the values and norms of the entire group. However when there is a conflict of ideas, in individualShow MoreRelatedCross-Culture Analysis on Outsourced2493 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Indian culture, he first falls victim to a taxi driver’s trickery, has to literally â€Å"hop† on a train and although he is offered a seat on the â€Å"can-packed† train carriage by a boy, but in ret urn he has to offer up his lap for the boy to sit on. On first sight, Todd experienced a culture shock from the manifest culture of India (Sathe, 1985) that attacked his own â€Å"core† and starts to form judgments about this seemingly dirty and primitive country. The initial contact with a new culture gives riseRead MoreCross Culture Analysis Based On Comparative Studies2307 Words   |  10 Pages CULTURE culture is a word that implies to the integrated pattern of human behavior(thoughts’communication,actions,belief,values,and institution of a racial,ethnic,religious,or social group It may also be regarded as the totality of ways which is being passed from generation to generation In other words culture includes various ways in which differently abled people,people from different religious background,or people of different sexual orientation experiences the world around them TYPES OF PERSPECTIVES:Read MoreThe Problems of Adaption to the Local Market in Cross-Culture Management and Operation ——Case Analysis of the Euro Disneyland1930 Words   |  8 Pagesfinancial strategy, human resource, long-term strategy, promotion strategy, segment market†¦ However, of the essence, the most important factor that brings about all this is the culture difference. So I will analyze this case from the perspective of cross-cultural management. Theatrical framework 1. Dimensions of culture, by Fons Trompenaars According to this theory and its research results, the cultural difference in business between the United States and France lies in three aspect: UniversalismRead MoreCross Cultural Management of Japan United States1020 Words   |  5 PagesCross Cultural Management of Japan United States One concern of the merger between these two companies involves group interaction and sense of space. People in the United States take great pride in themselves on individualism and informality. The Japanese culture values groups and formality. People in the United States admire a person who excels above everyone else. If this merger takes place and it makes the price of stock to rise, the American company might want to buy more stock andRead MoreBenefits Of Television Travel Programs Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication strategy. But most studies of TV travel programs are with the attention being given to tourism management and tourism economy, there has been few studies on the cross-cultural communication of travel programs. Therefore, the study of Travelogue’s past prosperity and today’s running state in the perspective of cross-cultural communication may fill the research blank. In this paper, the author lays points on both content and format of the program. Firstly, theme study of content includesRead MoreA Brief Note On Cross Cultural Communication And Understanding Cultural Differences1625 Words   |  7 Pages Cross-Culture Communication Competence in Global Business Celeste Aisien Lo COMS 2331 Dr. Richard Bello April 29th 2015â€Æ' Competence in cross-cultural communication and understanding cultural differences is becoming more crucial in today’s society. Technology is advancing in a rapid pace and is allowing more opportunities in migration therefore existing countries has never had so much to do with each other until today. As a result of becoming inter-connected, global business is progressingRead MoreCross-Cultural Work Environments750 Words   |  3 PagesLeadership and Organizational Behavior Unit 1 Assignment Organizational Theory: Cross-Cultural Work Environments I will be researching a theory on the analysis of cross-cultural management style and structure. In researching this theory, it will help managers in a multinational company, or work environment, interact with employees of a diverse background. In understanding, and getting a better idea of how cultures interact in workplace environments, the manager can be more productive and avoidRead MoreRisk Analysis : The American Red Cross1743 Words   |  7 PagesRisk analysis is an integral part of data safety within an organization and the analysis is vital to the mission and success of an organization. Risk analysis is used â€Å"to identify threats and then provide recommendations to address these threats† (Taylor et al, 2006). Risk analysis encompasses not only the equipment and programs used in an organization but also covers the culture, managerial, and administrative processes to assure data security. A key factor in risk analysis is to have a goodRead MoreThe Effects Of Cul tural Differences On Ethical Decision Making1515 Words   |  7 Pagesthe advancement of globalization, the concept of culture has become an important part of organizations. Many companies face problems like different cultures, different consumer behavior and different way of communication etc. Marketing is one of the most appropriate and effective way of dealing with customers of different market. They need to build appropriate intercultural marketing approach, which suits the need and wishes of customers. Culture is the collective programming of the mind, which distinguishesRead MoreQuestions On Managerial Cultural Intelligence1232 Words   |  5 Pages4. Analysis of the results The analysis section is divided into the main themes and subthemes to meet the research objectives. The findings are compared to the existing literature. Research objective 1: To investigate the CQ level of the managers according to the four factors model and to define how their previous international background influences their CQ. 4.1. Managerial cultural intelligence Metacognitive component. This component refers to the ability to adapt behavior to the situation and

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Essay on Cyber Security A Necessity Nowadays Essay Example For Students

Essay on Cyber Security: A Necessity Nowadays Essay Cyber-attacks are not just in fiction movies, they are a reality of our world. The cost of cyber-attacks are estimated at $100 billion to $1 trillion annually (Eschelbeck, 25). The reason of this is not difficult to understand. Computers are present everywhere. People are always connected posting information about their lives on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. On the commercial field is the same. The most part of enterprises have their bases computerized. All the transactions and important information are in computers. Cyber Security is now one of the biggest necessities of the world, because our lives resolve around computers, the cyber-attacks are dramatically increasing in number every day, and the cyber attackers are becoming more expert.We are addicted to technology. Americans ages 18-64 who use social networks say they spend an average of 3. 2 hours per day doing so(Vacca, 10)The virtual life became as important as real life. For the most part of the people that has online access to this virtual media is hard to pass more than, one day without checking the news on the internet. Hang out with friends and meanwhile talk to others virtually is very common. We put all information about ourselves on a computer. On virtual media we are connected with people worldwide, we have information about our life, and the commons tasks that we do every day. In the same time that is nice, but this is very dangerous. According to the Fukuoka Rosa 2Statistic Brain website, there are more than 1.4 Billion Facebook users worldwide and 98% is the percentage of 18-24 years olds who already use social media. This means that it is very easy to find personal information about the most part of people. This information are target of advertisement . .of stolen information nowadays, the number of cyber attacks are increasing as well as the quality of these attacks. For this reason, it is very important users and enterprises pay more attention in cyber security. Follow the security instructions and to invest in security tools are indispensable to have a safe system and to avoid cyber attacks. Works CitedBishop, Matt. Computer Security (2004): 100 110. Print.Dunn Cavelty, Myriam. â€Å"Cyber-security and threat politics† The New York Times (2008). PrintEschelbeck, Gerhard â€Å"Security Theat Report 2014† SOPHOS (2014). PrintHarden, Seth. â€Å"Social Networking Statistics† Statistic Brain. Web 01 January, 2014 com/social-networking-statistics>.Pfleeger, Charles P. Security in Computing (2006): 25 50. Print. Vacca, John R. â€Å"To the Barricades: Cyber Security† The Economist (2007). Print

Monday, December 2, 2019

The Problem of Global Racism in Modern World

Introduction Racism can be defined as a set of beliefs or a doctrine, which creates a notion that persons are distinct due to their phenotypic differences. It appreciates the reality of race to inflict a sense of superiority. Racism have existed as long as human beings whose history is marked by several incidences of prejudice and stereotyping. It is attributed as the resultant of unrest, which causes countries to create specific legal codes. Racism is a concept used to generally to describe negative attitudes pointed to a given ethnic group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Global Racism in Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, the most renowned instance of racism in human history is the issue of slavery where the blacks were regarded as sub-human only fit to be traded as properties and most importantly, to labor in the white man’s farms. Racism was at peak during the 2 0th century during the rein of ‘overtly racist regimes’ (Fredrickson 1). In South America, segregation laws and denial of voting rights on blacks resulted to them being regarded as of low-class irrespective of efforts to curb racial disparity through constitutional amendments. Racism Ideology Racism can be traced during slavery in the capitalist society facilitated by imperialists, which justified the vice terming it as a right. Blacks were oppressed and termed as biologically inferiors intellectually, in culture and politics. As civilizations dawned, the blacks recognized their rights and tried to fight for liberalization. Racists try to justify their acts, which constitute racism as an ideology thorough stating that this group of people is less human and therefore inferior, fit to be ruled by the superior races i.e. the white supremacy. Victims as a result, remain subjugated and more oppression is directed towards them where racism became a usual subject, while the vi ctims perceive themselves as racially distinctive. Racists points out that the victimized race lack the potential to avoid racists attitudes subjected towards them. This is victim blaming and is so prevalent in the modern world and shapes up the racism ideology currently put in place (Andersen Collins 56). The intense racist propaganda, which meant to portray black males as ravenous wolves in pursuit of white women enhanced racism towards the blacks (Fredrickson 1). Racist ideologies are based entirely on the skin color and physical traits. The victory over the Nazi regime, de-marginalization of South America in nineteen sixties and South African foundation of majority rule reflects that leaderships founded on biological racism have been overcome by time. However, for racism to thrive it does not entirely depend on explicit legal and state advocacy, neither does on biological difference, but it is an illusion since instances such as cultural racism, white privilege and reverse racis m has been termed as racism in general. Therefore, racism is generally a modern concept as a manifestation of ancient occurrence of xenophobia, which constitutes a definition that exceeds biological differences to become a group prejudice founded on kinship. According to Frederickson, it is when differences that might otherwise be considered ethno-cultural are regarded as innate, indelible, and unchangeable that a racist attitude or ideology can be said to exist, it finds its clearest expression when the kind of ethnic differences that are firmly rooted in language, customs and kinship are overridden in the name of an imagined collectivity based on pigmentation, as in white supremacy, or on a linguistically based myth of remote descent from a superior race, as in Aryanism (6)Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rise of racism The rise of racism still remains unclear but is often a ttributed to European exploration and colonization, which empowered and enriched western nations as a result of exploitation of the natives. This led to conquering of native in their country especially in Africa taking them as slaves to labor in farms and to be taken to their original homes to labor. This created good grounds for racism to thrive, where foreigners were distinguished from the natives. The natives who were conquered were often seen as inferior while the foreigners were considered superior. Moreover, the Darwinian theory of evolution was generally taken mean that biological aspects influenced intelligence as well as ethical characteristics in a particular race. Some individuals were considered intellectually superior than others thus, distorting the notions of racism, which was perverted by some people to dominate others. The land of Down in Australia has for a long time been racist’s land. Australia experience of apartheid resulted to the natives loosing their lands to the foreigners, leading to impoverishment of the Aboriginal who continue to be racially prejudiced. Currently, these perceptions have been overcome, which has enhanced the interactions of various nationalities in Australia. Racial prejudice has declined in institutions although there remain conservative racist politicians (Andersen Collins 63). Global Racism In the U.S and UK racism has been for a long time experienced. In the U.S for instance, racial profiling in the criminal justice has raised eye brows on why individuals of a particular race are harshly investigated, and given harsher sentences. On the other hand, the whites have complained that reverse racism is prevalent since it advantages the minority group thorough programs such as affirmative action to favor them. However, this notion has been considered to be a myth in the US since the minority group lack the institutional potential or power to express their prejudiced attitudes towards the whites as the main com mercial social as well as political institutions are subdued by the whites themselves. Racism in the world has been applied as a weapon to accelerate fear, hate and discrimination thus, fueling violence and economic depressions. Racism has concerned the issue of free speech and whether speech codes should be enforced especially in institutions of learning through Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 19. It is often argued that being in support of racial prejudice in speech are mere words and that free speech should be advocated for without having to be regulated. Some other opponent disregard these claims and points out that free speech should be regulated rather, it would lead to violence, hate, genocide or even other dire effects.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Global Racism in Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Race is a prevailing idea, innovated by the society, which fos ter inequality and impede human interactions. As a result, the UN’s World Conference on Racism from August to September, 2001 was held to tackle racism (Elihai, pr. 2). The meeting expressed the need to solve global racism, which still proves to be a big challenge. Besides the UNESCO, World Conference against Racism (WCAR) has invested efforts to curb racism attitudes and ideologies, since the Second World War and the Holocaust to scientifically study ethnic groups. Four conferences have been held since including the one held in 2009 in Geneva Switzerland and one in Durban, South Africa in 2001 (Elihai, pr. 6). Racism has continuously been a challenge in human history and reflects individualism. However, it still remains a sensitive issue and discussing such a topic triggers other aspects such as those of free speech, and racial prejudice. Heated debates arise when the issue is discussed publicly since the topic is often taken out of context leading to misunderstandings while to some, tackling the issue offends them. For instance, in Europe, racism is openly prevalent since it is composed of several intertwined cultural entities in a tiny region. Neo-Nazism is transmitted to other ethnic groups present in European nations making them experience white privilege and supremacy while there. Conclusion To sum it all, racism is a voice, which impedes the development of societies. This is a notion that is fruitless and does nothing but hurt people. Instead of concentrating of racism, it is better for people to concentrate on how to enhance their wellbeing and that of the entire society at large by being productive. Inborn biological traits do not warrant some people to express their prejudice towards others. This is because every person belongs to a taxonomical group referred to as Homo sapiens. Although, distinct in physical traits, the traits that are alike are so many such that they overshadow the small physical differences such as skin color, facial appear ances, body physique among others. The racist ideas are pathological usually hurting and disgracing the person in which they are directed. Instead of blending these differences to come up with diverse traits in human, they pervert them to express their demeaning attitudes. With the intellectual capacities manifested in scientific and technological inventions, one wonders why racism is still an unresolved issue in the world. This implies that it is inclined in attitudes and individual choices. Racism must be eliminated at whichever costs.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Andersen, Margaret and Collins, Patricia. Race, Class, and Gender: An Anthology. New Jersey: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2009. Print. Elihai, Braun. The United Nations World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance met in Durban, South Africa (August 31 to September 8, 2001). May 7, 2011. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/durban-i-un-conference-against-racism-2001 Fredrickson, George. Racism: A Short History. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 2002. Print. This essay on The Problem of Global Racism in Modern World was written and submitted by user Miriam Harding to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.